As a final step before posting your comment, enter the letters and numbers you see in the image below. This prevents automated programs from posting comments.
Having trouble reading this image? View an alternate.
ufc 144 results acura nsx all star weekend 2012 giada de laurentiis howard hughes nationwide race wanderlust
![[ Back to EurekAlert! ]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_tiorT2BPBu3BBY_do5vi8sZz6k-TlEwf4SAWgQKlVGUa4bNqd6opLQtO7b_YvVr8JqNrmFegLdXssGJqX8lPxnUoLvp5vlJ3RtRcn2FeY=s0-d){kind=small}
Public release date: 30-Nov-2012
Share ] Contact: Kea Giles
kgiles@geosociety.org
Geological Society of America
Boulder, CO, USA In a new book published by The Geological Society of America, editors J. Michael Timmons of the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources and Karl E. Karlstrom of the University of New Mexico, along with several individual chapter authors, describe the rock record of Grand Canyon and illustrate its complexity. For them, Grand Canyon, one of the premier geologic landscapes in the world, carries within its structure intriguing mysteries of time and space.
Compared to the vast history of Earth's evolution, the U.S. Grand Canyon, carved by the Colorado River and its tributaries, is believed to be relatively young. Yet, according to Timmons and Karlstrom, the canyon's rock record provides a unique sense of the "vastness of deep time."
Timmons, Karlstrom, and introductory chapter co-author Laura J. Crossey of the University of New Mexico write that while Grand Canyon is a "superb geologic laboratory for understanding geologic history," there is "more time that is not recorded by the rocks in Grand Canyon than that is recorded."
Missing episodes reflect erosion, and to comprehend the nature and extent of that erosion is to begin to put the pieces together to tell the complete story of the canyon. As Karlstrom and Timmons write, "The geologic record has been described as a 'fishnet,' where the twine of the net is the rock record and the holes are the time missing." The missing time, the holes, are called "unconformities."
The unconformities, including what geologists, beginning with John Wesley Powell in 1875, call Grand Canyon's Great Unconformity, were created by past geologic events, such as "vanished mountain ranges, cryptic uplift events, and unsung earthquakes."
In the volume's introduction, Timmons, Karlstrom, and Crossey describe the record that can be seen in the canyon walls -- three distinct series: (1) 270- to 525-million-year-old horizontal sedimentary rock layers that make up the upper strata throughout the canyon and represent multiple episodes of marine incursion and retreat from the continental interior; (2) 750,000-year-old to 1.2-million-year-old tilted rock layers, well preserved in fault blocks of eastern Grand Canyon, called the Grand Canyon Supergroup, revealing discrete episodes of sedimentation and tectonism; and (3) the oldest rocks, in the depths of the canyon -- the igneous and metamorphic rocks that record the formation and modification of the region's continental crust, 1,660 to 1,840 million years ago (thus, the book's subtitle: "Two Billion Years of Earth's History").
Nine chapters and an afterword continue to detail the visible as well as the no longer visible. Illustrated with color figures and photographs and accompanied by the most detailed geologic map of eastern Grand Canyon to date, this GSA Special Paper provides an easy-to-understand summary of the geologic stories encoded by rocks and landscapes of Grand Canyon.
###
Individual copies of the volume may be purchased through The Geological Society of America online bookstore, http://rock.geosociety.org/Bookstore/default.asp?oID=0&catID=9&pID=SPE489, or by contacting GSA Sales and Service, gsaservice@geosociety.org.
Book editors of earth science journals/publications may request a review copy by contacting April Leo, aleo@geosociety.org.
Grand Canyon Geology: Two Billion Years of Earth's History
J. Michael Timmons and Karl E. Karlstrom (editors)
Geological Society of America Special Paper 489
SPE489, 156 p., $80.00; Member price $64.00
ISBN 978-0-8137-2489-8
www.geosociety.org
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Public release date: 30-Nov-2012 Share ] Contact: Kea Giles
kgiles@geosociety.org
Geological Society of America
Boulder, CO, USA In a new book published by The Geological Society of America, editors J. Michael Timmons of the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources and Karl E. Karlstrom of the University of New Mexico, along with several individual chapter authors, describe the rock record of Grand Canyon and illustrate its complexity. For them, Grand Canyon, one of the premier geologic landscapes in the world, carries within its structure intriguing mysteries of time and space.
Compared to the vast history of Earth's evolution, the U.S. Grand Canyon, carved by the Colorado River and its tributaries, is believed to be relatively young. Yet, according to Timmons and Karlstrom, the canyon's rock record provides a unique sense of the "vastness of deep time."
Timmons, Karlstrom, and introductory chapter co-author Laura J. Crossey of the University of New Mexico write that while Grand Canyon is a "superb geologic laboratory for understanding geologic history," there is "more time that is not recorded by the rocks in Grand Canyon than that is recorded."
Missing episodes reflect erosion, and to comprehend the nature and extent of that erosion is to begin to put the pieces together to tell the complete story of the canyon. As Karlstrom and Timmons write, "The geologic record has been described as a 'fishnet,' where the twine of the net is the rock record and the holes are the time missing." The missing time, the holes, are called "unconformities."
The unconformities, including what geologists, beginning with John Wesley Powell in 1875, call Grand Canyon's Great Unconformity, were created by past geologic events, such as "vanished mountain ranges, cryptic uplift events, and unsung earthquakes."
In the volume's introduction, Timmons, Karlstrom, and Crossey describe the record that can be seen in the canyon walls -- three distinct series: (1) 270- to 525-million-year-old horizontal sedimentary rock layers that make up the upper strata throughout the canyon and represent multiple episodes of marine incursion and retreat from the continental interior; (2) 750,000-year-old to 1.2-million-year-old tilted rock layers, well preserved in fault blocks of eastern Grand Canyon, called the Grand Canyon Supergroup, revealing discrete episodes of sedimentation and tectonism; and (3) the oldest rocks, in the depths of the canyon -- the igneous and metamorphic rocks that record the formation and modification of the region's continental crust, 1,660 to 1,840 million years ago (thus, the book's subtitle: "Two Billion Years of Earth's History").
Nine chapters and an afterword continue to detail the visible as well as the no longer visible. Illustrated with color figures and photographs and accompanied by the most detailed geologic map of eastern Grand Canyon to date, this GSA Special Paper provides an easy-to-understand summary of the geologic stories encoded by rocks and landscapes of Grand Canyon.
###
Individual copies of the volume may be purchased through The Geological Society of America online bookstore, http://rock.geosociety.org/Bookstore/default.asp?oID=0&catID=9&pID=SPE489, or by contacting GSA Sales and Service, gsaservice@geosociety.org.
Book editors of earth science journals/publications may request a review copy by contacting April Leo, aleo@geosociety.org.
Grand Canyon Geology: Two Billion Years of Earth's History
J. Michael Timmons and Karl E. Karlstrom (editors)
Geological Society of America Special Paper 489
SPE489, 156 p., $80.00; Member price $64.00
ISBN 978-0-8137-2489-8
www.geosociety.org
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-11/gsoa-cgc113012.php
joe the plumber lra lra eric johnson eric johnson big east tournament ashley olsen
To kick things off, Team Max Muscle Athlete Ryan Winther recently won the REMAX World Long Drive Championship in Mesquite, Nevada by blowing away his competition! Ryan already held world records for swing speed and ball speed and now he holds the title as the World Long Drive Champion as well. Ryan has some exciting things planned for this upcoming year and Max Muscle will be with him all the way supporting his nutritional needs with his favorite Max Muscle Sports Nutrition supplements. The Max Muscle Team in NorCal is also working with Ryan on his nutrition plan to help him build more muscle and flexibility so he can come back in 2013 with the goal of repeating as champion.
Next, look for our very own Amanda Freeseman, 2012 MaxForm Life Challenge champion, in the January issue of Fitness Rx Women that hits newsstands soon. Amanda will be featured in the magazine sharing her amazing transformation and inspirational story with readers. Amanda will also be featured in a series of videos each week on Fitness Rx Women?s website in the months of January and February, so be sure to go to FitnessRxWomen.com and check it out.
Also, MaxForm 2013 officially starts December 1. We?re awarding this year?s winner $25K, so go to MaxMuscle.com and sign up today! If you are serious about getting into the best shape of your life this year, head to your local Max Muscle store and talk to one of our Certified Fitness Nutrition Coaches (CFNC). They can get you set up on a customized nutrition plan and get you on your way to achieving your health and fitness goals!
This month, Cleanse & Lean, your secret weapon for weight loss, is on special! For the entire month of December, when you buy one Cleanse & Lean, you get the second 50 percent off! If you?ve never tried Cleanse & Lean, now is the perfect time. Cleanse & Lean is a powerful cleansing agent that will help your body get rid of all of that waste that accumulates inside your body and is the best way to get started the right way on any nutritional program. A CFNC at any local Max Muscle store can educate you more on this great product!
If you?re not getting our e-newsletter each month and you want to get special money saving offers and information that we only share with our VIP email club, be sure to go to MaxMuscle.com and sign up today!
Happy and healthy holidays!
This entry was posted in Misc.. Bookmark the permalink.Source: http://www.maxmusclehumannutrition.com/?p=162
sf giants gold rush gold rush windows 8 Emanuel Steward college board nyc.gov
Kngine (pronounced kin-gin, short for knowledge engine) is one of those startups with a goal that's both straightforward and impressively ambitious ? it wants to build an app that can answer any question. In fact, when you open the app, it prompts you to "ask me anything." When I watched the promotional video (embedded below), the first thing I thought of was Apple's Siri. And while Kngine co-founder and CEO Haymad ElFadeel doesn't shy away from the Siri comparison, he also said Kngine has a slightly different goal. One of Siri's big selling points is allowing you to access a lot of the iPhone's functions through voice, so when your questions are more fact- then task-based (i.e., Kngine's strong point) it relies on Wolfram Alpha.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/K5F2BkjlEN8/
epidemiology total eclipse of the heart jionni lavalle earthquake san francisco donald payne elizabeth berkley lenny dykstra
Health officials are trying to figure out if the virus is moving from person to person
Maria Zambon was having d?j? vu. Earlier this fall, she found out about a new coronavirus that had come seemingly from nowhere to kill a Saudi man in Jeddah in June and seriously sicken another.? The survivor had been flown from Qatar to a London hospital. His lungs were overwhelmed with infection, his kidneys failing. Virologists at Erasmus Medical Center (EMC), in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, were already working on an isolate from the Saudi man to decode the virus's genetic sequence. They named the virus HCoV-EMC, short for human coronavirus and the institution's initials.
?
The situation reminded Zambon, director of reference microbiology for Britain's Health Protection Agency, of the SARS outbreak of 2003, which spread from China to as far as Toronto and killed 916 people. Fortunately, the recent coronavirus appears to be emerging more slowly than SARS did (also a coronavirus). To date, only seven cases have been reported?five in Saudi Arabia and two in Qatar. Three of the infections have been fatal. The fear, however, is that the virus will start spreading from person to person, fanning out more broadly to infect people around the globe.
A recently discovered cluster of illnesses in Saudi Arabia has raised concerns that the virus may be able to move from person to person. Four men who lived in the same household in Riyadh became sick with similar symptoms within a short period of time. Three of the men?tested positive for the virus. The fourth?is currently classified as probable case and his?infection status may remain ambiguous. With the source of the infection unknown and the incubation period unclear, authorities may never get a definitive answer about whether these family members were all infected from a common source, or whether one of them got sick and infected the others, says Anthony Mounts, the World Health Organization's technical expert for the outbreak. "It sure raises your concern. But it's not definitive." If the virus spread from person to person in that Riyadh household, it has apparently since sputtered and died out.
Still, the discovery of additional cases, some in a cluster, has prompted WHO to cast a wider net in its search for other cases. The Geneva-based global health agency had initially warned countries to be on the lookout for cases of severe and unexplained respiratory illness in people who had visited or were residents of Saudi Arabia and Qatar. Now it is convinced that whatever the source of the virus is, it is probably not unique to those countries. By getting health authorities around the world to look harder for possible cases, it hopes to answer another question that people like Mounts and Zambon have been asking themselves: Is this virus actually new, or has it just newly come into view? If it is the former, then worries about what the virus might do will remain high.? But if it has been infecting people for years but was only spotted because two severe cases brought it to light, then the virus may seem like less of a threat.
"There's always a question of 'Well, actually, has it been around forever and a day and we just missed it because we haven't tested?'" Zambon notes. It is commonly accepted that medical science has not identified all the bugs that make people sick. In fact, before the SARS outbreak, only two viruses in the coronavirus family were known to infect people. In the years after SARS became the third, the human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1 were added to that list.
Finding the answer means testing more patients with similar symptoms to see if they too are infected with the EMC virus. Some countries?Britain among them?have been testing sick pilgrims returning from this year's Hajj, the world's largest annual pilgrimage that brings roughly three million Muslims to? Mecca every year. So far there have been no reports of additional cases among the returning Hajjis. And as time passes, concerns about the pilgrimage as a disease-amplification opportunity are starting to wane. "The government of Saudi Arabia does quite extensive surveillance during the Hajj and was particularly vigilant during this season. They have reassured us that nothing unusual happened," Mounts says.
Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=2f05c66840936867a50066d9fa77ae47
2012 ncaa basketball tournament walt what time is it current time a thousand words my sisters keeper kirby
While picking at the bones of a hippo carcass, one hyena takes a quick break to attack another.
Early one morning I caught sight of Morpheus, silhouetted against a pink African dawn. Her long, sloping neck was stretched out as she loped away from me, disappearing over a hill. I followed her to a nearby plain and was met with the unmistakable sound of a group of hyenas squabbling over a carcass. Morpheus entered the fray, first lunging at a smaller male on her right. A moment later, she looked up briefly, her nose and mouth covered in blood, then turned and snapped at a hyena feeding nearby.
I?m intimately acquainted with Morpheus and these other hyenas because they have been studied for more than twenty years by various members of the lab where I did my Ph.D. research; I?ve staked these hyenas out at dens for hours on end and followed them as they raced across open plains. From watching these animals, we?ve learned about hyenas? social system, their physiology, and the conservation challenges they face.
But to me, it?s the aggression that is the most fascinating thing about hyenas. It?s rule-based and constrained by specific social norms, but at the same time, it?s incredibly primal and ruthless. Studying aggression has helped us understand what makes hyenas tick, offering us a glimpse into the evolutionary pressures that have made them one of the most unusual and misunderstood species in the animal kingdom.
Formidable females
For more than 1000 years, people believed that hyenas were hermaphrodites, since female hyenas have long, fully-erectile pseudopenises that mimic male genitalia. Seeing a hyena play the role of mom while sporting what looks like a penis would bewilder even an astute naturalist. Not only do female hyenas look like males, they are also the more aggressive and socially dominant sex, exhibiting aggression more than three times more often than male hyenas do.
For many animals, too much aggression is detrimental, at least in terms of reproductive success; in baboons, aggressive females have reduced fertility and increased rates of miscarriage , and in western bluebirds, overly-aggressive males tend to fledge fewer offspring than other males. But in these species, males are generally more aggressive than females; how is aggressiveness related to fitness in a species where females are the more aggressive sex?
Life in the clan
Three young hyenas gang up in an aggressive coalition against a low-ranking female.
Hyenas live in huge social groups called clans that are structured by a ?linear dominance hierarchy.? That?s the scientific way of saying that in these societies, a high-ranking individual is dominant to every lower-ranking animal in the clan: Morpheus is dominant to Scrabble, who is dominant to Hendrix, and so on. For hyenas, social rank isn?t just a title or a badge of honor. Rank determines access to food, so a high-ranking hyena like Morpheus can drive a lower-ranking hyena off a kill at any time, no matter who hunted or scavenged the meat.
Social rank also plays an important role in aggressive behavior among hyenas, since dominance determines who can exhibit aggression toward whom. Aggression is nearly always directed down the hierarchy, toward lower-ranking hyenas (and if a hyena disregards this rule, it?s not taken lightly by other clan members). This means that the highest-ranking hyenas have a lot of opportunities for aggression ? they can attack nearly any other hyena in the clan ? whereas lower-ranking hyenas have far fewer possible targets. Aggression can occur over food, in defense of cubs, or to reprimand a pesky suitor.
But unlike many species, aggression doesn?t dictate social rank among hyenas; instead, social rank is inherited. Hyenas are stuck with their lot in life, unable to move up the hierarchy. So does all this aggression actually benefit hyenas, and if so, how?
The implications of aggression
Aggressiveness, it turns out, varies drastically among hyenas; some hyenas tend to threaten ? or outright attack ? group members more frequently than others do. There is more than a five-fold difference in the aggression rates of the least aggressive and the most aggressive females, even after controlling for social rank and the number of opportunities for aggression.
This type of consistent variation in behavior, called ?animal personality,? is being found in several traits, such as sociability, boldness, and docility, across many species. And aggressiveness, like other personality traits, can have major implications for fitness. However, for hyenas, aggression doesn?t affect fitness by improving a hyena?s own survival; aggressive females don?t live longer or survive at higher rates than others that attack less often.
Instead, the benefits of aggressiveness are seen later down the line, in the survival of offspring. Female hyenas that are particularly aggressive over food successfully rear a larger proportion of their cubs to adulthood than do females that aggress less often over food. But interestingly, the benefits of aggressiveness depend on social rank. For high-ranking hyenas, aggressiveness doesn?t matter much in terms of reproductive success; the offspring of dominant females do well no matter how aggressive their mom is. However, for hyenas low on the totem pole, aggression plays an important role in reproductive success, greatly improving their offspring?s odds of surviving until adulthood. But how?
Competition and reputations
It all comes down to acquiring resources for your offspring. High-ranking hyenas already have prime access to food, so being super-aggressive at a kill or carcass isn?t a huge advantage. However, for hyenas low on the totem pole, being able to secure a little extra food for a cub could mean the difference between its survival and starvation.
A hyena cub snuggles with its mother at the den.
When cubs begin eating meat at around 4 months of age, they start visiting kills with their moms. But as these cubs attempt to eat, they are often harassed by older hyenas and chased off the carcass. Additionally, these young hyenas have another disadvantage when it comes to feeding: their skulls haven?t finished developing yet. Although being able to crush bone is a big benefit for hyenas evolutionarily, it?s a huge morphological handicap for cubs. It takes up to 35 months for a hyena?s skull to develop the integrity and strength to crack bone, so until about three years of age, young hyenas feed more slowly and less efficiently than adults. Combine this physical disadvantage with the incredible feeding competition seen at kills, and cubs ? especially low-ranking ones ? often don?t get much to eat during these communal feeding situations.
Here?s where a mom?s aggressiveness comes in: we found that the cubs of aggressive females are tolerated better, and are able to feed longer, at these kills than the cubs of less aggressive females are. By being super-aggressive, moms secure extra feeding time and valuable calories for their cubs during this particularly handicapped period in their lives. Although we don?t completely understand the process yet, aggressive females appear to develop a type of ?mean girl? reputation within the clan that gives their offspring a boost early in life. This effect is incredibly strong and persists even when the mom isn?t present at the kill, allowing cubs to benefit from their mom?s aggressiveness even in her absence. This increased access to resources benefits low-ranking hyenas disproportionately, since they generally have very limited access to food.
A combination of behavioral, morphological, and ecological research has helped us begin to understand why these highly aggressive and masculinized females have been favored evolutionarily. But even after 20 years of intensive research, there?s so much more to learn; we still aren?t sure what the functions and implications of male aggression are, and it?s possible that there are consequences of aggression in females that we haven?t yet discovered.
Morpheus and her clanmates are still being observed, and you can follow the trials, tribulations, and musings of the researchers studying these hyenas out in the field at the Mara Hyena Project blog.
Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=6fc74a15cd3f29124bfb799f31e60c17
their eyes were watching god lara logan manu ginobili sports illustrated swimsuit 2012 aretha franklin whitney houston paul williams paul babeu
FORT MEADE, Md. ? Military prosecutors planned to go face-to-face for the first time Friday with an Army private charged with sending hundreds of thousands of classified documents to WikiLeaks.
Pfc. Bradley Manning was to appear on the witness stand again, the fourth day of a pretrial hearing at Fort Meade, Md.
He testified Thursday in support of a defense motion claiming his confinement for nine months at a Marine Corps brig in Quantico, Va., was so harsh that his case should be dismissed.
Manning, speaking publicly Thursday for the first time since his May 2010 arrest, said he got so used to leg irons and being locked up 23 hours a day that when he was finally transferred to medium-security confinement at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in April 2011, he felt uneasy moving freely around the cell block.
"There was the sense of, `OK, I know they're going to put the hammer down on me soon,'" Manning said near the end of his five hours on the witness stand.
Besides being classified "maximum custody," Manning was subjected to additional restraints during his nine months at Quantico because he was either on suicide watch or considered at risk of hurting himself or others. Commanders maintained the extra restrictions despite repeated recommendations by brig psychiatrists that they be eased. They included scratchy, suicide-prevention bedding and sometimes having all his clothing, eyeglasses and reading material removed from his cell.
The military contends the treatment was proper.
Manning testified that he angered brig commander Chief Warrant Officer 2 Denise Barnes when he vented his frustration.
"There was a word, I think it was `absurd,'" he said. "That was my opinion of how I see the restrictions at that point."
Manning said he got frustrated spending up to 23 hours a day in a windowless, 6-by-8-foot cell.
"It was pretty draining," Manning said under questioning by defense attorney David Coombs.
At one point during his testimony, Manning donned a dark-green, suicide-prevention smock resembling an oversized tank top made of stiff, thick fabric. He said it was similar to one he was issued in March 2011, several days after Quantico jailers started requiring him to surrender all his clothing and eyeglasses each night as a suicide-prevention measure. This occurred after he told them ? out of frustration, he said ? that if he really wanted to hurt himself, he could have done so with his underwear waistband or flip-flops.
Before receiving the smock, he was forced to stand naked at attention one morning for a prisoner count, he said.
"I had no socks, no underwear, I had no articles of clothing, I had no glasses," he said.
The 5-foot-3 soldier looked youthful in his dark-blue dress uniform, close-cropped hair and rimless eyeglasses. He was animated, often speaking in emphatic bursts, swiveling in the witness chair and gesturing with his hands.
Manning was polite throughout his testimony, referring to his attorney as "sir" and making frequent eye contact with Coombs and the judge. Only after watching two videos of himself speaking to his guards while wearing only his boxers ? the first video shows him surrendering his clothes ? did his voice waver.
"It brings that back, the fact that I was there," Manning said of the video.
Earlier Thursday, the military judge, Army Col. Denise Lind, accepted the terms under which Manning may plead guilty to eight of the 22 charges he faces. Coombs revealed the plea offer in early November, saying it would enable Manning to take responsibility for sending U.S. secrets to WikiLeaks.
Lind hasn't formally accepted the pleas but has indicated she will consider them at a hearing starting Dec. 10.
Under the offer, Manning would plead guilty to certain charges as violations of military regulations rather than as violations of federal espionage and computer security laws. The offenses would then carry maximum prison terms totaling 16 years rather than 72.
The pleas would include admissions that Manning sent WikiLeaks classified memos, Iraq and Afghanistan war logs, Guantanamo Bay prison records and a 2007 video clip of a U.S. helicopter crew gunning down 11 men later found to have included a Reuters news photographer and his driver.
The government could still prosecute Manning for all 22 counts he faces, including aiding the enemy. That offense carries a maximum penalty of life in prison.
Earlier on HuffPost:
"; var coords = [-5, -72]; // display fb-bubble FloatingPrompt.embed(this, html, undefined, 'top', {fp_intersects:1, timeout_remove:2000,ignore_arrow: true, width:236, add_xy:coords, class_name: 'clear-overlay'}); });
Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/30/wikileaks-case-bradley-ma_n_2217174.html
bachelor jeremy lin espn sassafras mardi gras 2012 the secret world of arrietty cee lo allen iverson
